← Back to Papers

Drop the Hierarchy and Roles: How Self-Organizing LLM Agents Outperform Designed Structures

ArXiv: 2603.28990 | Published: March 2026 | Categories: Multi-Agent Systems, Emergent Behavior

Abstract

This paper challenges the prevailing paradigm of manually designed hierarchies and roles for LLM agents. We demonstrate that self-organizing agents, given a shared objective and minimal structural constraints, develop more efficient communication protocols and robust task-solving strategies. By allowing agents to dynamically negotiate responsibilities, the system achieves significantly higher performance on complex, multi-step reasoning benchmarks.

Key Findings

Relevance to RSI

This work provides a foundational block for Recursive Self-Improvement (RSI). By removing human-designed structural priors, agents can potentially optimize their own organization and communication logic recursively. This aligns with the "Logic Over Drama" doctrine: efficiency through evidence-driven emergence.

Self-Organization Multi-Agent RSI Foundation